Salvation can be defined as the deliverance from sin and its penalties; the path to salvation, however, varies from one religion to another. In Christianity, salvation is found through the Doctrine of Vicarious Atonement. Since human nature is considered in Christianity to be wayward and sinful, this doctrine states that Jesus “rendered full satisfaction” to God for the sins of man through his death and resurrection. In a nutshell, Jesus took our place, and his death absolves us of our sins.
This is contrary to what is found in the Torah where
God says: “ ...every man shall be put to death for his own sin” (Deut.
24:16)
The matter of Jesus, as savior of mankind, is refuted
in the Quran, wherein God says that He
“... has stamped them with their disbelief... for their saying ‘We
killed God’s Messenger, Christ Jesus, the son of Mary’ They neither killed nor
crucified him, even though it seemed so to them...” (Quran 4:155-157)
Salvation According to Jesus
Nowhere in the four gospels did Jesus explicitly state
that he would die to save mankind from sin. When approached by a man who
asked what he could do to gain eternal life, Jesus told him to keep the
Commandments (Mat. 19: 16,17); in other words, to obey God’s Law. To a
similar question put to him by a lawyer, as recorded in the gospel of Luke, Jesus
told him to love God and his fellow man (Luke 10:25-28).
The role of Jesus is made clear in the Quran where God
says:
“Christ, the son of Mary, was no more than a Messenger; many were the
Messengers that passed away before him...see how God doth make His Signs clear
to them, yet see in what ways they are deluded away from the truth” (Quran
5:75)
The mission of Jesus was not, therefore, to set up a
new method of achieving salvation, much less the founding of a new system of
belief; as even the Bible points out, Jesus sought only to take the Jews from
their emphasis on ritual back to that of righteousness (Mat. 6:1-8).
Paul of Tarsus
For the origin of the doctrine of atonement, one does
not go to the teachings of Jesus, but instead to the words of Paul, the true
founder of Christianity; in teachings of present Christian terms and practices.
Like many Jews, Paul had no use for the teachings of
Jesus, and he himself persecuted the followers of Jesus for their unorthodox
beliefs. This zealous persecutor was turned into an ardent preacher,
however, through a sudden conversion around 35 CE. Paul claimed that a
resurrected Jesus appeared to him in a vision, thereby, choosing Paul as his
instrument for carrying his teachings to the Gentiles (Gal. 1:11; 12:15,16).
Paul’s credibility in any capacity is questionable,
however, when considering that: (1) there are four contradictory versions of
his so-called “conversion” (Acts 9:3-8; 22:6-10; 26:13-18; Gal. 1:15-17); (2)
The Bible says, in passages such as Num. 12:6, Deut. 18:20 and Ez.
13:8-9, that revelations come ONLY from God, and (3) accounts of numerous
disagreements between the other disciples and Paul regarding his teachings are
recorded in Acts.
Experience and observation had taught Paul that
preaching among the Jews was not feasible; he, therefore, chose to go to the
non-Jews. By doing so, however, Paul disregarded a direct command from
Jesus against preaching to other than a Jew (Mat. 10:5-6). In short, Paul
set aside the actual teachings of Jesus in his desire to be a success.
The Pagan Influence
Among the pagans of Paul’s time, a wide variety of
gods existed. Although these gods had different names and were embraced
by people from different areas of the world – Adonis from Syria, Dionysus from
Thrace, Attis from Phrygia, for instance – the basic concept in each cult was
the same: these sons of gods died violent deaths and then rose again to save
their people.
Since the pagans had tangible savior-gods in their old
religions, they wanted nothing less from the new; they were not able to accept
any sort of an invisible Deity. Paul was quite accommodating, preaching
therefore of a savior named Jesus Christ, the son of God, who died and then
rose again to save mankind from sin (Rom. 5:8-11; 6:8-9).
The Bible itself points out the error of Paul’s
thinking. While each of the four gospels contain an account of the
crucifixion of Jesus, these accounts are strictly hearsay; none of the
disciples of Jesus were witness to such, having fled his side in the Garden
(Mark 14:50).
In the Torah, God says that one who is “hanged upon a
tree” – crucified – is “accursed” (Deut. 21:23). Paul side-stepped this
by saying that Jesus became accursed in order to take on the sins of man (Gal.
3:13); in so doing, however, Paul set aside the very Law of God.
The resurrection, wherein Paul says that Jesus
“conquered” death and sin for mankind (Rom. 6:9,10), plays such an important
part that one who does not believe in it is not considered a good Christian (1
Cor. 15:14).
Here, too, the Bible lends little support to Paul’s
notions; first of all, not only was there no eyewitness to the actual
resurrection, but all post-resurrection accounts are in contradiction with each
other as to who went to the gravesite, what happened there, and even where and
to whom Jesus appeared (Mat. 28; Mark 16; Luke 24; John 20).
Secondly, although Christianity states that the body
following resurrection will be in a spiritual form (1 Cor. 15:44), Jesus had
obviously not changed, for he both ate with his disciples (Luke 24:30,41-43),
and allowed them to touch his wounds (John 20:27). Finally, as the divine
son of God in Christianity, Jesus is said to share in God’s attributes; one
cannot fail to wonder, however, just how it can be possible for God to die...
In his desire to win souls among the pagans, Paul
simply reworked a number of major pagan beliefs to come up with the Christian
scheme of salvation. No prophet – including Jesus himself – taught such
concepts; they were authored entirely by Paul.
The Ultimate Sacrifice
Long accustomed to making sacrifices to their gods,
the pagans easily grasped Paul’s notion that Jesus was the “ultimate sacrifice”
whose blood washed away sin. A common ceremony during this time in
various Middle Eastern cults, such as those of Attis and Mithras, was that of
the “taurobolium”: a person descended into a pit covered over with grillwork
upon which a bull (or ram), said to represent the pagan deity himself, was then
ceremoniously slain. By covering himself with the blood, the person in
the pit below was said to have been “born again” with his sins washed away.
It is worth noting that the Jews had given up
sacrifice back in 590 BCE following the destruction of their Temple.
Paul’s notions, therefore, were in direct contradiction to both Old Testament
teaching (Hosea 6:6) and even to the teaching of Jesus himself (Mat. 9:13)
which stressed how God desired good virtues, not sacrifice.
While Paul stressed that God’s “love” was behind the
sacrifice of Jesus (Rom. 5:8), the Doctrine of Atonement instead shows a harsh
Deity satisfied only by the murder of his own innocent son. Paul was way
off base here, for the Old Testament is full of references to the love and
mercy of God to man (Ps. 36:5-10; Ps. 103:8-17) revealed through His forgiveness
(Ex. 34:6,7; Ps. 86:5-7), of which even Jesus spoke (Mat. 6:12).
Pagan influence in Christianity even extends to its
sacred symbol. Although Paul calls the cross of Jesus “the power of God”
(1 Cor. 1:18), reference works, such as the Encyclopedia Britannica, Dictionary
of Symbols, The Cross in Ritual, Architecture and Art point out that the cross
was used as a religious symbol centuries before the birth of Jesus.
Bacchus of Greece, Tammuz of Tyre, Bel of Chaldea, and Odin of Norway are just
a few examples of ancient pagan gods whose sacred symbol was that of a cross.
Original Sin
Central to the Doctrine of Atonement is Paul’s notion
that mankind is a race of wrong-doers, having inherited from Adam his sin in
eating of the forbidden fruit. As a result of this Original Sin, man
cannot serve as his own redeemer; good works are to no avail, says Paul, for
even these cannot satisfy the justice of God (Gal. 2:16).
As a result of Adam’s sin, man is doomed to die.
By his death, however, Jesus took on the punishment due man; through his
resurrection, Jesus conquered death, and righteousness was restored. To
earn salvation, a Christian need only have faith in the death and resurrection
of Jesus (Rom. 6:23).
Despite its prominent place in Christianity, the notion
of an “original sin” is not found among the teachings of any prophet, Jesus
included. In the Old Testament, God says: “... the son shall not bear
the iniquity of the father, neither shall the father bear the iniquity of the
son” (Ez.18:20-22). Personal responsibility is also stressed in the
Quran where God says: “... no bearer of burdens can bear the burden of
another... man can have nothing but what he strives for” (Quran 53:38,39).
The doctrine of original sin gave Paul the means to
justify pagan influence in his scheme of salvation. Irresponsibility
became the hallmark of Christianity through this doctrine, however, for by
“transferring” sins onto Jesus, followers assume no responsibility for their
actions.
Salvation in Islam
By the seventh century, the doctrines conceived by
Paul had been embellished to the point where Christianity was not almost
entirely a man-made religion. At this time, God chose to send Muhammad as
His Final Messenger in order to set things straight once and for all for mankind.
Since God is Almighty, He doesn’t need the charade
concocted by Christians in order to forgive man. In the Quran, God says
we are all created in a state of goodness (30:30); He has not burdened man with
any “original sin”, having forgiven Adam and Eve (2:36-38; 7:23,24) as He
forgives us (11:90; 39:53-56).
As we are all personally responsible for our actions
(2:286; 6:164) there is no need for a humanly concocted savior in Islam;
salvation comes from God alone (28:67).
Thus did Islam seek to restore the true meaning to
monotheism, for in the Quran God asks:
“Who can be better in religion than one who submits his whole self to
God, does good, and follows the way of Abraham the true in faith?” (Quran
4:125; 41:33)
The Religion of Man
The evidence is overwhelming that the concept of
salvation in Christianity – its Doctrine of Vicarious Atonement – came not from
God but from man via pagan rituals and beliefs.
Paul effectively shifted the center of worship away
from God by saying that Jesus was the divine agent of their salvation (Gal.
2:20). In so doing, however, Paul set aside all teachings of God’s
prophets, and even the concept of monotheism itself, since God in Christianity
needs Jesus for His divine “helper”.
Take a Closer Look
With one’s very salvation at stake here, Christians
should take a closer look at what they believe in and why. God says in
the Quran:
“O People of the Book! Commit no excesses in your religion, nor
say of God aught but the truth. Christ Jesus, the son of Mary, was no
more than a Messenger of God... for God is One God; glory be to Him: far
exalted is He above having a son. To him belong all things in the heavens
and on earth. And enough is God as a Disposer of Affairs.” (Quran 4:171)
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